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By SABRINA TAVERNISE and ANDREW W. LEHREN
Published: October 22, 2010


The reports in the archive disclosed da WikiLeaks offer an incomplete, yet startlingly graphic portrait of one of the most contentious issues in the Iraq war — how many Iraqi civilians have been killed and da whom.

The reports make it clear that most civilians, da far, were killed da other Iraqis. Two of the worst days of the war came on Aug. 31, 2005, when a stampede on a bridge in Baghdad killed più than 950 people after several earlier attacks panicked a huge crowd, and on Aug. 14, 2007, when truck bombs killed più than 500 people in a rural area near the border with Syria.

But it was systematic sectarian cleansing that drove the killing to its most frenzied point, making December 2006 the worst mese of the war, according to the reports, with about 3,800 civilians killed, roughly equal to the past seven years of murders in New York City. A total of about 1,300 police officers, insurgents and coalition soldiers were also killed in that month.

The documents also reveal many previously unreported instances in which American soldiers killed civilians — at checkpoints, from helicopters, in operations. Such killings are a central reason Iraqis turned against the American presence in their country, a situation that is now being repeated in Afghanistan.

The archive contains reports on at least four cases of lethal shootings from helicopters. In the bloodiest, on July 16, 2007, as many as 26 Iraqis were killed, about half of them civilians. However, the tally was called in da two different people, and it is possible that the deaths were counted twice. Read the Document »

In another case, in February 2007, an Apache helicopter shot and killed two Iraqi men believed to have been firing mortars, even though they made surrendering motions, because, according to a military lawyer cited in the report, “they cannot surrender to aircraft, and are still valid targets.” Read the Document »

The shooting was unusual. In at least three other instances reported in the archive, Iraqis surrendered to helicopter crews without being shot. The pentagono did not respond to domande from The Times about the rules of engagement for the helicopter strike.

The pace of civilian deaths served as a kind of pulse, whose steady beat told of the success, o failure, of America’s war effort. Americans on both sides of the war dibattito argued bitterly over facts that grew hazier as the war deepened.

The archive does not put that argument to rest da giving a precise count. As a 2008 segnala to Congress on the topic makes clear, the figures serve as “guideposts,’ not hard totals. But it does seem to suggest numbers that are roughly in line with those compiled da several sources, including Iraq Body Count, an organization that tracked civilian deaths using press reports, a method the cespuglio, bush administration repeatedly derided as unreliable and producing inflated numbers. In all, the five-year archive lists più than 100,000 dead from 2004 to 2009, though some deaths are reported più than once, and some reports have inconsistent casualty figures. A 2008 Congressional segnala warned that record keeping in the war had been so problematic that such statistics should be looked at only as “guideposts.”

In a statement on Friday, Iraq Body Count, which did a preliminary analysis of the archive, estimated that it listed 15,000 deaths that had not been previously disclosed anywhere.

The archive tells thousands of individual stories of loss whose consequences are still being felt in Iraqi families today.

Misunderstandings at checkpoints were often lethal. At one Marine checkpoint, sunlight glinting off a windshield of a car that did not slow down led to the shooting death of a mother and the wounding of three of her daughters and her husband. Hand signals flashed to stop vehicles were often not understood, and soldiers and Marines, who without interpreters were unable to speak to the survivors, were left to wonder why. Read the Document »

According to one particularly painful entry from 2006, an Iraqi wearing a tracksuit was killed da an American sniper who later discovered that the victim was the platoon’s interpreter. Read the Document »

The archive’s data is incomplete. The documents were compiled with an emphasis on speed rather than accuracy; the goal was to spread information as quickly as possible among units. American soldiers did not respond to every incident.

And even when Americans were at the center of the action, as in the western city of Falluja in 2004, none of the Iraqis they killed were categorized as civilians. In the early years of the war, the pentagono maintained that it did not track Iraqi civilian deaths, but it began releasing rough counts in 2005, after members of Congress demanded a più detailed accounting on the state of the war. In one instance in 2008, the pentagono used reports similar to the newly released documents to tabulate the war dead.

This month, The Associated Press reported that the pentagono in July had quietly postato its fullest tally of the death toll of Iraqi civilians and security forces ever, numbers that were first requested in 2005 through the Freedom of Information Act. It was not clear why the total — 76,939 Iraqi civilians and members of the security forces killed between January 2004 and August 2008 — was significantly less than the sum of the archive’s death count.

The archive does not have a category for the main causes of Iraqi deaths inflicted da Americans. Compared with the situation in Afghanistan, in Iraq aerial bombings seemed to be less frequently a cause of civilian deaths, after the initial invasion. The reports were only as good as the soldiers calling them in. One of the most infamous episodes of killings da American soldiers, the shootings of at least 15 Iraqi civilians, including women and children in the western city of Haditha, is misrepresented in the archives. The segnala stated that the civilians were killed da militants in a bomb attack, the same false version of the episode that was dato to the news media.

Civilians have borne the brunt of modern warfare, with 10 civilians dying for every soldier in wars fought since the mid-20th century, compared with 9 soldiers killed for every civilian in World War I, according to a 2001 study da the International Committee of the Red Cross.
Three days later.

Elena was lying on her hospital bed. She felt terrible. She had heard people say the treatment for cancer was a bitch, but she didn’t how much that was true…until now. She felt her stomach turn and climbed out of bed. If it hadn’t been for her sore limps she would’ve run to the bathroom, but now she had to settle for shuffling as fast as her body allowed her to. Once arrived she dropped on her knees and aimed for the toilet.
It seemed an eternity had passed when she withdrew herself from the toilet and jerked off some toilet paper to clean her face. Last time she had...
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“What are te doing?” Derek asked curious at Damon who was sitting between the wooden planks in his bedroom.
“I’m trying to fix the bed” Damon detto obvious.
“Can I help?” Derek asked excited. Without awaiting an answer he kneeled and picked up a nail and hammer. While he hammered he tried to make a subtle conversation. “So, te and your girlfriend, how long have te been together?”
“Two months and a half” Damon said. “Why?”
Derek shrugged. “Nothing. Just curious” he said. “And have you…you know?”
Damon looked at Derek, frowning. “No, and I wouldn’t tell...
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I snap with the finger
And he obeys
I tell him to bite you
And he goes my way
He claims that he loves you
And I’m certain that he does
So when te break his heart, please be gentle
‘Cause he might make a fuzz

You could do so much better
And better is me
Why would te put up with a second-hand doggy
If te could be my vampire queen
I will mostra te all the places te wanna see
And all dimensions inbetween
Just take a chance and get on that train
Promise te your life will never be the same


You walk my direction
But passing me by
You’re recitazione cold
But someday you’ll be mine
You claim te despise me
And I’m...
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“Alright, I’ll do it!” Rachel exclaimed, looking angry at Stefan. “But if I get killed da Veronica’s minions I will come back to haunt you”
“Is that a promise?” Stefan teased. Then he was serious again. “Did te guys hear that?” he asked concerned. Rachel nodded, Jeremy shook his head. Stefan walked towards the bushes, when a swarm of birds flew out of the them.
“Mystery solved” Jeremy detto and Stefan shrugged and walked back.
Derek almost let out a sigh of deep relief, but realized just in time that the sound of his breath would give him away. Stefan and Damon believed...
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Olivia switched off the lights and walked outside. She walked around the house and opened the shutters to a shelter. She jumped inside and wanted to chain herself up, when she heard the phone ring.
“Are te serious?” Olivia groaned. She dropped the chains and ran back inside the house. “What?” she detto più hostile than she intended.
“Olivia? You’re speaking with Rachel Lindy” Rachel answered.
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Rachel closed her eyes, trying to find the right words...
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Liz was working at her office, when the phone rang.
“Sheriff Forbes” she detto short when she answered.
“Sheriff Forbes, hi” Stefan replied. “I was wondering how it’s going with the murder on Gabe Lindy”
“I’m sorry, Stefan. I can’t give away such information” Liz answered.
“I’m going to take a wild guess and say the corpse is missing” Stefan detto amused. A few secondi of complete silence followed. Stefan had asked Katherine to compel the sheriff to forget he knocked her down and took the body.
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Damon walked towards the old building. Jeremy had told Damon Veronica was alone now and though Jeremy didn’t want Damon to hurt her, he still thought that if Damon threatened her she’d listen and leave. Damon, on the other hand, very well knew Veronica wouldn’t let him scare her off and so there was only one thing left to do. Kill the bitch.
He opened the door, which was unlocked. That should’ve occurred strange to him, but Damon didn’t pay much attention to it. He walked through the hallway until he found the largest room.
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Klaus let go of her and took the compulsion away. Caroline shook her head and turned to Klaus. “Where are we? Where did te take me?” she demanded to know.
“Vous êtes à Paris, mademoiselle” Klaus answered with a charming smile. He bowed, took Caroline’s hand and kissed it. His lips had barely touched her soft skin, when she jerked her hand.
“I don’t know what your angle is” Caroline started as she walked backwards....
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Derek entered Ric’s loft. He had been eavesdropping Stefan and Katherine’s conversation and now he was looking for Rebekah.
“Rebekah!” he yelled.
He heard some mumbling coming from the basement. He raced toward it, opened the door and saw Rebekah sitting at the bottom of the stairs. She had been staked with a regular stake, but her hands were chained, so she couldn’t pull it out.
Derek ran off the stairs, kneeled and pulled the stake out. Then he unchained her hands and gave her the bag of blood he had been carrying with him. “I know te prefer the fresh stuff, but it’s the best...
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Caroline was putting on her dress when the door of her bedroom opened and Liz appeared. “Sweetie, there’s someone here for you” she detto soft. Caroline, expecting it would be Tyler, nodded and said: “Okay, mom, te can let him in”
But it wasn’t Tyler, it was Damon. Caroline turned around annoyed. “You’re the last person I expected. What is that te want?” she asked a little hostile. She zipped the dress and turned around.
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Veronica parked her car in front of the old building. She walked out of the car and Rachel, who had come with her, followed her. Veronica walked up to the door and opened. “Get inside” she told Rachel. After Rachel entered Veronica locked the door. She waved at the people in the back and they stopped with what they were doing. One of the guys came their way.
“Hello, Veronica” he said.
“Hello, Derek” Veronica replied. “How’s it going?”
“It’s going very good. They are getting really good. I think we have a real chance in beating those…”
“Abominations” Veronica said...
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Bonnie closed her suitcase and lifted it from the ground. She carried it, but it was really heavy. She needed Caroline for this. After all she would need a place to stay when she left the clinic. Which was today. She had signed her release.
“Are te going somewhere?” a male voice asked. Bonnie waited for Keith to catch up with her. Maybe he could carry her suitcase for her. And indeed, as soon as he was standing successivo to her he said: “Here, let me do that”
He took the suitcase out of her hands and released Bonnie from her burden.
“So, are te leaving?” he asked.
“Yeah, I feel a lot...
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“Knew what? What is going on?” Elena exclaimed.
“Will te stop playing dumb?” Damon detto angry...
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“Hey!” she exclaimed when she saw Derek. “What are te doing?”
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Derek shook his head. “He doesn’t know” He opened the door carefully...
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